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The Later Stone Age calvaria from Iwo Eleru, Nigeria: morphology and chronology

Harvati, Katerina ; Stringer, Chris ; Grün, Rainer ; Aubert, Maxime ; Allsworth-Jones, Philip ; Folorunso, Caleb Adebayo Relethford, John H.

PloS one, 2011-09, Vol.6 (9), p.e24024-e24024 [Periódico revisado por pares]

United States: Public Library of Science

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Título:
The Later Stone Age calvaria from Iwo Eleru, Nigeria: morphology and chronology
Autor: Harvati, Katerina ; Stringer, Chris ; Grün, Rainer ; Aubert, Maxime ; Allsworth-Jones, Philip ; Folorunso, Caleb Adebayo
Relethford, John H.
Assuntos: Analysis ; Animals ; Archaeological dating ; Biological Evolution ; Calvaria ; Chronologies ; Chronology ; Cortical bone ; Cranium ; Dating ; Dating techniques ; Earth science ; Enamel ; Evolution ; Female ; Fossils ; Geography ; Hominidae - anatomy & histology ; Hominids ; Human evolution ; Humans ; Imaging, Three-Dimensional ; Long bone ; Male ; Mathematical morphology ; Models, Anatomic ; Morphometry ; Multivariate Analysis ; Nigeria ; Paleolithic ; Pleistocene ; Principal Component Analysis ; Principal components analysis ; Radiocarbon dating ; Radiometric dating ; Skull ; Skull - anatomy & histology ; Social and Behavioral Sciences ; Stone Age ; Stratigraphy ; Taxonomy ; Uranium ; Uranium series disequilibrium dating
É parte de: PloS one, 2011-09, Vol.6 (9), p.e24024-e24024
Notas: ObjectType-Article-1
SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1
ObjectType-Feature-2
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Conceived and designed the experiments: KH CS. Performed the experiments: KH CS RG MA PA-J CAF. Analyzed the data: KH RG MA. Wrote the paper: KH CS RG MA PA-J CAF.
Descrição: In recent years the Later Stone Age has been redated to a much deeper time depth than previously thought. At the same time, human remains from this time period are scarce in Africa, and even rarer in West Africa. The Iwo Eleru burial is one of the few human skeletal remains associated with Later Stone Age artifacts in that region with a proposed Pleistocene date. We undertook a morphometric reanalysis of this cranium in order to better assess its affinities. We also conducted Uranium-series dating to re-evaluate its chronology. A 3-D geometric morphometric analysis of cranial landmarks and semilandmarks was conducted using a large comparative fossil and modern human sample. The measurements were collected in the form of three dimensional coordinates and processed using Generalized Procrustes Analysis. Principal components, canonical variates, Mahalanobis D(2) and Procrustes distance analyses were performed. The results were further visualized by comparing specimen and mean configurations. Results point to a morphological similarity with late archaic African specimens dating to the Late Pleistocene. A long bone cortical fragment was made available for U-series analysis in order to re-date the specimen. The results (∼11.7-16.3 ka) support a terminal Pleistocene chronology for the Iwo Eleru burial as was also suggested by the original radiocarbon dating results and by stratigraphic evidence. Our findings are in accordance with suggestions of deep population substructure in Africa and a complex evolutionary process for the origin of modern humans. They further highlight the dearth of hominin finds from West Africa, and underscore our real lack of knowledge of human evolution in that region.
Editor: United States: Public Library of Science
Idioma: Inglês

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The Later Stone Age calvaria from Iwo Eleru, Nigeria: morphology and chronology

Harvati, Katerina ; Stringer, Chris ; Grün, Rainer ; Aubert, Maxime ; Allsworth-Jones, Philip ; Folorunso, Caleb Adebayo Relethford, John H.

United States: Public Library of Science

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