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Bushmeat poaching reduces the seed dispersal and population growth rate of a mammal-dispersed tree

Brodie, Jedediah F ; Helmy, Olga E ; Brockelman, Warren Y ; Maron, John L

Ecological applications, 2009-06, Vol.19 (4), p.854-863 [Periódico revisado por pares]

United States: Ecological Society of America

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Título:
Bushmeat poaching reduces the seed dispersal and population growth rate of a mammal-dispersed tree
Autor: Brodie, Jedediah F ; Helmy, Olga E ; Brockelman, Warren Y ; Maron, John L
Assuntos: Anacardiaceae ; Animals ; bushmeat ; Cervus unicolor ; Choerospondias axillaris ; Conservation biology ; deer ; Deer hunting ; Ecosystem ; environmental impact ; Feeding Behavior ; Forest conservation ; forest ecology ; Forest habitats ; frugivory ; game meat ; hunting ; Hylobates ; Hylobates - physiology ; Hylobates lar ; interspecific interaction ; lar gibbon ; Mammals ; Models, Biological ; Muntiacus ; Muntiacus muntjak ; Muntjacs - physiology ; mutualism ; overharvest ; Poaching ; Population Density ; population ecology ; Population Growth ; red muntjac ; Rusa unicolor ; sambar deer ; Seed dispersal ; Seedlings ; Seeds ; sport hunting ; Thailand ; Trees ; Tropical forests
É parte de: Ecological applications, 2009-06, Vol.19 (4), p.854-863
Notas: Corresponding Editor: E. Cuevas.
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SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1
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Descrição: Myriad tropical vertebrates are threatened by overharvest. Whether this harvest has indirect effects on nonhunted organisms that interact with the game species is a critical question. Many tropical birds and mammals disperse seeds. Their overhunting in forests can cause zoochorous trees to suffer from reduced seed dispersal. Yet how these reductions in seed dispersal influence tree abundance and population dynamics remains unclear. Reproductive parameters in long-lived organisms often have very low elasticities; indeed the demographic importance of seed dispersal is an open question. We asked how variation in hunting pressure across four national parks with seasonal forest in northern Thailand influenced the relative abundance of gibbons, muntjac deer, and sambar deer, the sole dispersers of seeds of the canopy tree Choerospondias axillaris. We quantified how variation in disperser numbers affected C. axillaris seed dispersal and seedling abundance across the four parks. We then used these data in a structured population model based on vital rates measured in Khao Yai National Park (where poaching pressure is minimal) to explore how variation in illegal hunting pressure might influence C. axillaris population growth and persistence. Densities of the mammals varied strongly across the parks, from relatively high in Khao Yai to essentially zero in Doi Suthep-Pui. Levels of C. axillaris seed dispersal and seedling abundance positively tracked mammal density. If hunting in Khao Yai were to increase to the levels seen in the other parks, C. axillaris population growth rate would decline, but only slightly. Extinction of C. axillaris is a real possibility, but may take many decades. Recent and ongoing extirpations of vertebrates in many tropical forests could be creating an extinction debt for zoochorous trees whose vulnerability is belied by their current abundance.
Editor: United States: Ecological Society of America
Idioma: Inglês

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Bushmeat poaching reduces the seed dispersal and population growth rate of a mammal-dispersed tree

Brodie, Jedediah F ; Helmy, Olga E ; Brockelman, Warren Y ; Maron, John L

United States: Ecological Society of America

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