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Ecophysiology of frailejones (Espeletia spp.), and its contribution to the hydrological functioning of páramo ecosystems

Cárdenas, María Fernanda ; Tobón, Conrado ; Rock, Barret N. ; del Valle, Jorge Ignacio

Plant ecology, 2018-02, Vol.219 (2), p.185-198 [Periódico revisado por pares]

Dordrecht: Springer Science + Business Media

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  • Título:
    Ecophysiology of frailejones (Espeletia spp.), and its contribution to the hydrological functioning of páramo ecosystems
  • Autor: Cárdenas, María Fernanda ; Tobón, Conrado ; Rock, Barret N. ; del Valle, Jorge Ignacio
  • Assuntos: Applied Ecology ; Biodiversity ; Biomedical and Life Sciences ; Climatic conditions ; Community & Population Ecology ; Ecology ; Ecophysiology ; Ecosystems ; Environmental changes ; Environmental factors ; Environmental regulations ; Fog ; Growth rate ; Hydrology ; Life Sciences ; Plant Ecology ; Runoff ; Solar radiation ; Terrestial Ecology ; Tissues ; Transformation ; Transpiration ; Water depth ; Water yield ; Xylem
  • É parte de: Plant ecology, 2018-02, Vol.219 (2), p.185-198
  • Descrição: Páramos are high elevation tropical ecosystems in northern Andes, with large water yield and water regulation. One of the main and representative species growing in these páramos is the genus Espeletia, known as frailejones. There is a lack of knowledge of Espeletia ecophysiology, maybe due to its unusual anatomical modifications and the specific climatic conditions of these ecosystems. Therefore, it is important to determine the relationships between the anatomical modifications of Espeletia, its physiological functioning, and its contribution to the ecohydrologic functioning of páramos. Consequently, we studied the physiology of frailejones in two Colombian páramos, focused on the identification of conductive tissues inside the stems, calculated the age, and measured sapflow, using the heat ratio method. Results show that Espeletia spp. have a central pith that increases with height, as the size of secondary xylem decreases. Frailejones respond quickly to the changing conditions of weather factors controlling transpiration such as solar radiation, temperature, and fog presence. However, although environmental factors favor transpiration, the sapflow tends to decrease—a particular behavior of the Espeletia transpiration processes—since this occurs chaotically over time, including sapflow at night. The transformation of sapflow velocity to depth of water in a basin shows that the water lost through their transpiration is very low, which contributes to the high runoff ratio of páramo ecosystems. For the first time, we determine by radiocarbon the real ages of three E. hartwegiana, and their mean growth rates to range between 3.8 and 6.9 cm year⁻¹.
  • Editor: Dordrecht: Springer Science + Business Media
  • Idioma: Inglês
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  • Realização: ABCD-USP USP   Logos de Redes Sociais: Freepik

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