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SARS-CoV-2 seropositivity and COVID-19 among 5 years-old Amazonian children and their association with poverty and food insecurity

Ferreira, Marcelo U ; Giacomini, Isabel ; Sato, Priscila M ; Lourenço, Barbara H ; Nicolete, Vanessa C ; Buss, Lewis F ; Matijasevich, Alicia ; Castro, Marcia C ; Cardoso, Marly A Pappas, Georgios

PLoS neglected tropical diseases, 2022-07, Vol.16 (7), p.e0010580-e0010580 [Periódico revisado por pares]

San Francisco: Public Library of Science

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Título:
SARS-CoV-2 seropositivity and COVID-19 among 5 years-old Amazonian children and their association with poverty and food insecurity
Autor: Ferreira, Marcelo U ; Giacomini, Isabel ; Sato, Priscila M ; Lourenço, Barbara H ; Nicolete, Vanessa C ; Buss, Lewis F ; Matijasevich, Alicia ; Castro, Marcia C ; Cardoso, Marly A
Pappas, Georgios
Assuntos: Age ; Antibodies ; Antigens ; Asymptomatic ; Biology and life sciences ; Brazil ; Children ; Children & youth ; Cohorts ; Confidence intervals ; Coronaviruses ; Cough ; COVID-19 ; COVID-19 vaccines ; Disease transmission ; Economic aspects ; Epidemiology ; Estimates ; Families & family life ; Food ; Food insecurity ; Food security ; Food supply ; Health aspects ; Households ; Illnesses ; Immunoglobulin G ; Immunoglobulin M ; Infections ; Maternal & child health ; Medicine and Health Sciences ; Mothers ; Olfaction ; Pandemics ; People and Places ; Population ; Population studies ; Poverty ; Preschool children ; Public health ; Regression analysis ; Severe acute respiratory syndrome ; Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 ; Signs and symptoms ; Smell ; Sociodemographics ; Statistical analysis ; Symptoms ; Transmission ; Viral diseases ; Vulnerability ; Womens health
É parte de: PLoS neglected tropical diseases, 2022-07, Vol.16 (7), p.e0010580-e0010580
Notas: ObjectType-Article-1
SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1
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content type line 23
A full list of members of the MINA-Brazil Study Working Group is provided in the Acknowledgments section.
The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
Descrição: Background The epidemiology of childhood SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19-related illness remains little studied in high-transmission tropical settings, partly due to the less severe clinical manifestations typically developed by children and the limited availability of diagnostic tests. To address this knowledge gap, we investigate the prevalence and predictors of SARS-CoV-2 infection (either symptomatic or not) and disease in 5 years-old Amazonian children. Methodology/Principal findings We retrospectively estimated SARS-CoV-2 attack rates and the proportion of infections leading to COVID-19-related illness among 660 participants in a population-based birth cohort study in the Juruá Valley, Amazonian Brazil. Children were physically examined, tested for SARS-CoV-2 IgG and IgM antibodies, and had a comprehensive health questionnaire administered during a follow-up visit at the age of 5 years carried out in January or June-July 2021. We found serological evidence of past SARS-CoV-2 infection in 297 (45.0%; 95% confidence interval [CI], 41.2-48.9%) of 660 cohort participants, but only 15 (5.1%; 95% CI, 2.9-8.2%) seropositive children had a prior medical diagnosis of COVID-19 reported by their mothers or guardians. The period prevalence of clinically apparent COVID-19, defined as the presence of specific antibodies plus one or more clinical symptoms suggestive of COVID-19 (cough, shortness of breath, and loss of taste or smell) reported by their mothers or guardians since the pandemic onset, was estimated at 7.3% (95% CI, 5.4-9.5%). Importantly, children from the poorest households and those with less educated mothers were significantly more likely to be seropositive, after controlling for potential confounders by mixed-effects multiple Poisson regression analysis. Likewise, the period prevalence of COVID-19 was 1.8-fold (95%, CI 1.2-2.6-fold) higher among cohort participants exposed to food insecurity and 3.0-fold (95% CI, 2.8-3.5-fold) higher among those born to non-White mothers. Finally, children exposed to household and family contacts who had COVID-19 were at an increased risk of being SARS-CoV-2 seropositive and-even more markedly-of having had clinically apparent COVID-19 by the age of 5 years. Conclusions/Significance Childhood SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19-associated illness are substantially underdiagnosed and underreported in the Amazon. Children in the most socioeconomically vulnerable households are disproportionately affected by SARS-CoV-2 infection and disease.
Editor: San Francisco: Public Library of Science
Idioma: Inglês

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SARS-CoV-2 seropositivity and COVID-19 among 5 years-old Amazonian children and their association with poverty and food insecurity

Ferreira, Marcelo U ; Giacomini, Isabel ; Sato, Priscila M ; Lourenço, Barbara H ; Nicolete, Vanessa C ; Buss, Lewis F ; Matijasevich, Alicia ; Castro, Marcia C ; Cardoso, Marly A Pappas, Georgios

San Francisco: Public Library of Science

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