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Placental Adaptive Changes to Protect Function and Decrease Oxidative Damage in Metabolically Healthy Maternal Obesity

Santos-Rosendo, Celeste ; Bugatto, Fernando ; González-Domínguez, Alvaro ; Lechuga-Sancho, Alfonso M. ; Mateos, Rosa Maria ; Visiedo, Francisco

Antioxidants, 2020-09, Vol.9 (9), p.794 [Periódico revisado por pares]

Basel: MDPI AG

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Título:
Placental Adaptive Changes to Protect Function and Decrease Oxidative Damage in Metabolically Healthy Maternal Obesity
Autor: Santos-Rosendo, Celeste ; Bugatto, Fernando ; González-Domínguez, Alvaro ; Lechuga-Sancho, Alfonso M. ; Mateos, Rosa Maria ; Visiedo, Francisco
Assuntos: Antibodies ; antioxidant ; Antioxidants ; Body mass index ; Carbonyl compounds ; Catalase ; Diabetes ; Diabetes mellitus ; Enzymes ; Extracellular signal-regulated kinase ; Gestation ; Gynecology ; Health care ; Hospitals ; Metabolism ; nitration ; Nitric oxide ; Nitric-oxide synthase ; nitrosative stress ; Nitrotyrosine ; Obesity ; Obstetrics ; Oxidative stress ; Physiological aspects ; Placenta ; Post-translation ; Pre-eclampsia ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy complications ; Proteins ; Reactive nitrogen species ; Reactive oxygen species ; Signal transduction ; Superoxide anions ; Superoxide dismutase ; Thiobarbituric acid ; Womens health
É parte de: Antioxidants, 2020-09, Vol.9 (9), p.794
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These authors contributed equally to this work.
Descrição: Pregnancy-related disorders, including preeclampsia and gestational diabetes, are characterized by the presence of an adverse intrauterine milieu that may ultimately result in oxidative and nitrosative stress. This scenario may trigger uncontrolled production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) such as superoxide anion (O●−) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) such as nitric oxide (NO), along with an inactivation of antioxidant systems, which are associated with the occurrence of relevant changes in placental function through recognized redox post-translational modifications in key proteins. The general objective of this study was to assess the impact of a maternal obesogenic enviroment on the regulation of the placental nitroso-redox balance at the end of pregnancy. We measured oxidative damage markers—thiobarbituric acid-reacting substances (TBARS) and carbonyl groups (C=O) levels; nitrosative stress markers—inducible nitric oxide synthase, nitrosothiol groups, and nitrotyrosine residues levels; and the antioxidant biomarkers—catalase and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and expression, and total antioxidant capacity (TAC), in full-term placental villous from both pre-pregnancy normal weight and obese women, and with absence of metabolic complications throughout gestation. The results showed a decrease in C=O and TBARS levels in obese pregnancies. Although total SOD and catalase concentrations were shown to be increased, both activities were significantly downregulated in obese pregnancies, along with total antioxidant capacity. Inducible nitric oxide sintase levels were increased in the obese group compared to the lean group, accompanied by an increase in nitrotyrosine residues levels and lower levels of nitrosothiol groups in proteins such as ERK1/2. These findings reveal a reduction in oxidative damage, accompanied by a decline in antioxidant response, and an increase via NO-mediated nitrative stress in placental tissue from metabolically healthy pregnancies with obesity. All this plausibly points to a placental adaptation of the affected antioxidant response towards a NO-induced alternative pathway, through changes in the ROS/RNS balance, in order to reduce oxidative damage and preserve placental function in pregnancy.
Editor: Basel: MDPI AG
Idioma: Inglês

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Placental Adaptive Changes to Protect Function and Decrease Oxidative Damage in Metabolically Healthy Maternal Obesity

Santos-Rosendo, Celeste ; Bugatto, Fernando ; González-Domínguez, Alvaro ; Lechuga-Sancho, Alfonso M. ; Mateos, Rosa Maria ; Visiedo, Francisco

Basel: MDPI AG

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