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Influence of Amino Acid Metabolism on Embryonic Stem Cell Function and Differentiation123

Kilberg, Michael S ; Terada, Naohiro ; Shan, Jixiu

Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.), 2016-07, Vol.7 (4), p.780S-789S [Periódico revisado por pares]

American Society for Nutrition

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  • Título:
    Influence of Amino Acid Metabolism on Embryonic Stem Cell Function and Differentiation123
  • Autor: Kilberg, Michael S ; Terada, Naohiro ; Shan, Jixiu
  • Assuntos: Supplement—Frontiers in Amino Acid Research
  • É parte de: Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.), 2016-07, Vol.7 (4), p.780S-789S
  • Notas: Author disclosures: MS Kilberg, N Terada, and J Shan, no conflicts of interest.
    Published in a supplement to Advances in Nutrition. Some of the reviews in this supplement were presented at the symposium "Translational and Transformational Concepts in Amino Acid Sensing” held 29 March 2015 at the ASN Scientific Sessions and Annual Meeting at Experimental Biology 2015 in Boston, MA. The symposium was sponsored by the American Society for Nutrition (ASN), the ASN Energy and Macronutrient Metabolism Research Interest Section (RIS), and the Nutrient-Gene Interaction RIS and was supported by Ajinimoto, Co., Inc. Other articles in this supplement are selected reviews by grant-funded researchers from the Ajinimoto Acid Research Program (3ARP). The Supplement Coordinators for this supplement were Susan M Hutson and Tracy G Anthony. Supplement Coordinator disclosures: Susan M Hutson received travel and registration expenses for the ASN Scientific Sessions and Annual Meeting at Experimental Biology 2015. Tracy G Anthony received travel and registration expenses for the ASN Scientific Sessions and Annual Meeting at Experimental Biology 2015. Publication costs for this supplement were defrayed in part by the payment of page charges. This publication must therefore be hereby marked “advertisement” in accordance with 18 USC section 1734 solely to indicate this fact. The opinions expressed in this publication are those of the author(s) and are not attributable to the sponsors or the publisher, Editor, or Editorial Board of Advances in Nutrition.
    Supported by grants to MSK from the Ajinomoto Amino Acid Research Program, the McKnight Brain Institute, and the NIH (CA-203565, DK-092062, and DK-094729). A grant to NT from the General Medicine Institute (GM-091238), NIH, is also acknowledged.
  • Descrição: Embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) have promise in regenerative medicine because of their ability to differentiate into all 3 primary germ layers. This review describes recent advances in the understanding of the link between the metabolism of ESCs/iPSCs and their maintenance/differentiation in the cell culture setting, with particular emphasis on amino acid (AA) metabolism. ESCs are endowed with unique metabolic features with regard to energy consumption, metabolite flux through particular pathways, and macromolecular synthesis. Therefore, nutrient availability has a strong influence on stem cell growth, self-renewal, and lineage specification, both in vivo and in vitro. Evidence from several laboratories has documented that self-renewal and differentiation of mouse ESCs are critically dependent on proline metabolism, with downstream metabolites possibly serving as signal molecules. Likewise, catabolism of either threonine (mouse) or methionine (human) is required for growth and differentiation of ESCs because these AAs serve as precursors for donor molecules used in histone methylation and acetylation. Epigenetic mechanisms are recognized as critical steps in differentiation, and AA metabolism in ESCs appears to modulate these epigenetic processes. Recent reports also document that, in vitro, the nutrient composition of the culture medium in which ESCs are differentiated into embryoid bodies can influence lineage specification, leading to enrichment of a specific cell type. Although research designed to direct tissue specification of differentiating embryoid bodies in culture is still in its infancy, early results indicate that manipulation of the nutrient milieu can promote or suppress the formation of specific cell lineages.
  • Editor: American Society for Nutrition
  • Idioma: Inglês
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  • Realização: ABCD-USP USP   Logos de Redes Sociais: Freepik

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