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Dissecting the active galactic nucleus in Circinus – III. VLT/FORS2 polarimetry confirms dusty cone illuminated by a tilted accretion disc

Stalevski, Marko ; González-Gaitán, Santiago ; Savić, Đorđe ; Kishimoto, Makoto ; Mourão, Ana ; Lopez-Rodriguez, Enrique ; Asmus, Daniel

Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 2023-01, Vol.519 (3), p.3237-3256 [Periódico revisado por pares]

Oxford University Press (OUP)

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  • Título:
    Dissecting the active galactic nucleus in Circinus – III. VLT/FORS2 polarimetry confirms dusty cone illuminated by a tilted accretion disc
  • Autor: Stalevski, Marko ; González-Gaitán, Santiago ; Savić, Đorđe ; Kishimoto, Makoto ; Mourão, Ana ; Lopez-Rodriguez, Enrique ; Asmus, Daniel
  • Assuntos: Aérospatiale, astronomie & astrophysique ; galaxies: active, galaxies: nuclei, galaxies: Seyfert, galaxies: individual: Circinus, radiative transfer, polarization ; Physical, chemical, mathematical & earth Sciences ; Physique, chimie, mathématiques & sciences de la terre ; Space science, astronomy & astrophysics
  • É parte de: Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 2023-01, Vol.519 (3), p.3237-3256
  • Notas: scopus-id:2-s2.0-85160203295
  • Descrição: ABSTRACT We present polarimetric maps of the Circinus galaxy nucleus in the BVRI bands, obtained with VLT/FORS2. Circinus is the closest Seyfert 2 galaxy and harbours an archetypal obscured active galactic nucleus (AGN). Recent high angular resolution imaging revealed that a major fraction of its mid-infrared (MIR) emission is coming from the polar region. Previously, we demonstrated that these observations are consistent with a model of a compact dusty disc and a hyperboloid shell, resembling a hollow cone on larger scales. Here, we focus on the AGN core, up to 40 pc from the central engine, and compare the observations to the radiative transfer models. Polarization maps reveal a conical structure, coinciding with the ionization cone. The wavelength-dependence of the polarization degree indicates that scattering on dust grains is producing polarization. The observed polarization degree ($\approx 1-3{{\ \rm per\ cent}}$) is lower than predicted by the models; however, this is only a lower limit, since stellar emission dominates the total flux in the optical. The observed polarization angle (≈30°) is reproduced by the model of a dusty disc with a hollow cone that is illuminated by a tilted anisotropic central source. An accretion disc aligned with the ionization cone axis, and alternative dust geometries, such as a paraboloid shell, or a torus enveloped by ambient dust, are inconsistent with the data. We conclude that the optical polarimetric imaging supports earlier evidence for the presence of dust in the polar region, tentatively associated with dusty outflows.
  • Editor: Oxford University Press (OUP)
  • Idioma: Inglês
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  • Realização: ABCD-USP USP   Logos de Redes Sociais: Freepik

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