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Microclimate, airborne particles, and microbiological monitoring protocol for conservation of rock-art caves: The case of the world-heritage site La Garma cave (Spain)

Martin-Pozas, Tamara ; Fernandez-Cortes, Angel ; Cuezva, Soledad ; Jurado, Valme ; Gonzalez-Pimentel, Jose Luis ; Hermosin, Bernardo ; Ontañon, Roberto ; Arias, Pablo ; Cañaveras, Juan Carlos ; Sanchez-Moral, Sergio ; Saiz-Jimenez, Cesareo

Journal of environmental management, 2024-02, Vol.351, p.119762-119762, Article 119762 [Periódico revisado por pares]

England: Elsevier Ltd

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  • Título:
    Microclimate, airborne particles, and microbiological monitoring protocol for conservation of rock-art caves: The case of the world-heritage site La Garma cave (Spain)
  • Autor: Martin-Pozas, Tamara ; Fernandez-Cortes, Angel ; Cuezva, Soledad ; Jurado, Valme ; Gonzalez-Pimentel, Jose Luis ; Hermosin, Bernardo ; Ontañon, Roberto ; Arias, Pablo ; Cañaveras, Juan Carlos ; Sanchez-Moral, Sergio ; Saiz-Jimenez, Cesareo
  • Assuntos: Aerobiology ; Airborne bacteria ; Bacteria ; Biofilms ; Cave conservation ; Caves - microbiology ; Humans ; Microclimate ; Microclimate monitoring ; Rock art ; Spain
  • É parte de: Journal of environmental management, 2024-02, Vol.351, p.119762-119762, Article 119762
  • Notas: ObjectType-Article-1
    SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1
    ObjectType-Feature-2
    content type line 23
  • Descrição: Cave heritage is often threatened by tourism or even scientific activities, which can lead to irreversible deterioration. We present a preventive conservation monitoring protocol to protect caves with rock art, focusing on La Garma Cave (Spain), a World Heritage Site with valuable archaeological materials and Palaeolithic paintings. This study assessed the suitability of the cave for tourist use through continuous microclimate and airborne particles monitoring, biofilm analysis, aerobiological monitoring and experimental visits. Our findings indicate several factors that make it inadvisable to adapt the cave for tourist use. Human presence and transit within the cave cause cumulative effects on the temperature of environmentally very stable and fragile sectors and significant resuspension of particles from the cave sediments. These environmental perturbations represent severe impacts as they affect the natural aerodynamic control of airborne particles and determine bacterial dispersal throughout the cave. This monitoring protocol provides part of the evidence to design strategies for sustainable cave management. [Display omitted] •Preventive cave conservation needs microclimate and aerobiological monitoring.•Microclimatic disturbance analysis reveals the vulnerability of stable cave areas.•Human transit removes particles from the cave sediments.•Airborne bacteria show a direct relationship with biofilms in the cave sediments.•This protocol can guide decisions on management of rock-art caves.
  • Editor: England: Elsevier Ltd
  • Idioma: Inglês
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  • Realização: ABCD-USP USP   Logos de Redes Sociais: Freepik

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