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COMPRÉHENSION DES RELATIONS SPATIALES ET CINÉMATIQUES DANS LES DESSINS TECHNIQUES : INFLUENCE DU MODE GRAPHIQUE ET DE L'EXPÉRIENCE

Cartonnet, Y. ; Poitou, J.-P.

Travail humain (Paris), 1996-06, Vol.59 (2), p.113-135 [Periódico revisado por pares]

Paris: Presses Universitaires de France

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  • Título:
    COMPRÉHENSION DES RELATIONS SPATIALES ET CINÉMATIQUES DANS LES DESSINS TECHNIQUES : INFLUENCE DU MODE GRAPHIQUE ET DE L'EXPÉRIENCE
  • Autor: Cartonnet, Y. ; Poitou, J.-P.
  • Assuntos: RECHERCHES EMPIRIQUES / EMPIRICAL RESEARCH
  • É parte de: Travail humain (Paris), 1996-06, Vol.59 (2), p.113-135
  • Descrição: Reading a technical drawing is a complex task requiring an understanding of geometry 3 familiarity with the coding conventions, and some knowledge of technology. Such skilb are likely to vary with the level of vocational education, and with the amount of professional practice. Performance in reading drawings will also vary with the type of rendering. Computer Aided Design (CAD) makes a great variety of graphic renderings available to the draughtsman, including stereoscopic (fully three-dimension projection in a three-dimension space). Such renderings are advertised as much more « realistic » than the usual orthogonal projection three-or two-view technical drawings. However the cognitive gain provided by such a « realism » has been strongly questioned. In connection with the development of an autostereoscopic CAD visual display, an experiment was run to test the effects of types of rendering (R) and level of professional experience (E) upon the understanding of technical drawings. Subjects were 45 draughtsmen belonging to the design office of an automotive industry company and 96 students from a secondary vocational school. Three types of drawing renderings were used: orthogonal two view projection, axonometric two-dimension projection, and autostereoscopic axonometric projection. Each subject was presented with one drawing of the same robot arm, drawn according to one of the three renderings. He was asked to identify : 1/ the kind of mechanism, 2/ the nature of movements possible for the various segments of the arm, 3/ to name the various moving parts of the mechanism, and 4/ to accurately describe the kinematic chain linking the actions of the various parts in the overall movement of the arm. Results did not show any effect of the variables R and E on the first dependant variable, i.e. identification of the overal mechanism. As for the possible actions of each part, only R had an effect : for both draughtsmen and students, the orthogonal projection was the most difficult to read. Regarding variable 3, there was an interaction between R and E. Draughtsmen scored in general better than the students, who, however, in the autostereoscopic condition showed performances equivalent to the professionals'. In the understanding of the kinematic chain, there was no difference between populations. However, the variable R had a significant effect : kinematic was best understood when the drawing was presented in autostereoscopic rendering. Results are discussed in terms of adequacy of rendering of technical drawing to vocational teaching and to the development of CAD visual displays. 45 dessinateurs d'un bureau d'étude de construction mécanique, et 96 élèves de seconde (option Technologie des systèmes automatisés) ont subi une épreuve de lecture de dessin industriel. On présentait à chaque sujet un dessin d'un même bras manipulateur réalisé sehn l'une des trois modalités graphiques suivantes : projection orthogonale plane, projection axonométrique plane, projection axonométrique stéréoscopique. Les scores des sujets à quatre épreuves successives d'identification du mécanisme, de ses mouvements segmentaires, de ses composants, et de compréhension de l'ensemble de sa cinématique, montrent les interactions complexes entre les variables de mode de représentation graphique et d'expérience professionnelle.
  • Editor: Paris: Presses Universitaires de France
  • Idioma: Francês
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  • Realização: ABCD-USP USP   Logos de Redes Sociais: Freepik

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