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Geographic differences in vertical connectivity in the Caribbean coral Montastraea cavernosa despite high levels of horizontal connectivity at shallow depths

Serrano, X ; Baums, I. B ; O'Reilly, K ; Smith, T. B ; Jones, R. J ; Shearer, T. L ; Nunes, F. L. D ; Baker, A. C

Molecular ecology, 2014-09, Vol.23 (17), p.4226-4240 [Periódico revisado por pares]

England: Blackwell Science

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  • Título:
    Geographic differences in vertical connectivity in the Caribbean coral Montastraea cavernosa despite high levels of horizontal connectivity at shallow depths
  • Autor: Serrano, X ; Baums, I. B ; O'Reilly, K ; Smith, T. B ; Jones, R. J ; Shearer, T. L ; Nunes, F. L. D ; Baker, A. C
  • Assuntos: Algae ; Animals ; Anthozoa - genetics ; Biodiversity ; Biodiversity and Ecology ; Caribbean Region ; climate change ; cnidarians ; conservation genetics ; Coral Reefs ; corals ; deep reef refugia hypothesis ; Dinoflagellida - genetics ; DNA ; Environmental Sciences ; Gene Flow ; Gene Frequency ; genetic variation ; Genotype ; geographical variation ; Geography ; great star coral ; High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing ; hydrology ; larvae ; Life Sciences ; Marine ecology ; mesophotic ; Microsatellite Repeats ; Phylogeography ; population genetics-empirical ; probability ; recruitment ; reefs ; refuge habitats ; Sequence Analysis, DNA ; Symbiodinium ; symbionts ; Symbiosis
  • É parte de: Molecular ecology, 2014-09, Vol.23 (17), p.4226-4240
  • Notas: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/mec.12861
    istex:593D0BB892C1A660FC8E5905D21509BBAF7ADFC8
    McKnight Doctoral Fellowship
    BIOS Grant-in-Aid
    NOAA's LMRCSC
    RSMAS
    NOAA's Center for Sponsored Coastal Ocean Research - No. NA11NOS4780045
    ArticleID:MEC12861
    Table S1 Summary of statistics per locus and population of Montastraea cavernosa. Table S2 Mean null allele frequencies and mean inbreeding coefficients per locus and population of Montastraea cavernosa. Table S3 Symbiodnium types identified in figure 4 and corresponding GenBank accession numbers for the ITS-2 marker. Table S4 R2 values calculated using ObStruct for STRUCTURE analysis of Montastraea cavernosa samples. Fig. S1 STRUCTURE runs performed prior to analyses to assess whether we could pool Montastraea cavernosa individuals from different sites within a same region and depth to increase statistical power. Fig. S2 Montastraea cavernosa population structure by site (as designated in Table 1). Fig. S3 Montastraea cavernosa population structure across regions [Upper Keys, Lower Keys and Dry Tortugas (within Florida), Bermuda and the U.S. Virgin Islands] and depths [shallow (≤10 m), mid (15-20 m) and deep (≥25 m)]. Fig. S4 Mean log-likelihood LN of (A) K (hypothesized number of populations) and delta K (B) values for STRUCTURE analysis of Montastraea cavernosa samples using the Evanno method. Fig. S5 Canonical discriminant analysis calculated using ObStruct for Montastraea cavernosa samples. ObStruct was run assuming two populations (K = 2). Fig. S6 Canonical discriminant analysis (CDA) calculated using ObStruct for Montastraea cavernosa samples. Fig. S7 Relationship between genetic distance (FST) and slope for all geographic locations examined in this study.
    Alumni Award
    MOTE - No. 2009-2012
    ark:/67375/WNG-LM5CXHGB-Z
    ObjectType-Article-1
    SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1
    ObjectType-Feature-2
    content type line 23
  • Descrição: The deep reef refugia hypothesis proposes that deep reefs can act as local recruitment sources for shallow reefs following disturbance. To test this hypothesis, nine polymorphic DNA microsatellite loci were developed and used to assess vertical connectivity in 583 coral colonies of the Caribbean depth‐generalist coral Montastraea cavernosa. Samples were collected from three depth zones (≤10, 15–20 and ≥25 m) at sites in Florida (within the Upper Keys, Lower Keys and Dry Tortugas), Bermuda, and the U.S. Virgin Islands. Migration rates were estimated to determine the probability of coral larval migration from shallow to deep and from deep to shallow. Finally, algal symbiont (Symbiodinium spp.) diversity and distribution were assessed in a subset of corals to test whether symbiont depth zonation might indicate limited vertical connectivity. Overall, analyses revealed significant genetic differentiation by depth in Florida, but not in Bermuda or the U.S. Virgin Islands, despite high levels of horizontal connectivity between these geographic locations at shallow depths. Within Florida, greater vertical connectivity was observed in the Dry Tortugas compared to the Lower or Upper Keys. However, at all sites, and regardless of the extent of vertical connectivity, migration occurred asymmetrically, with greater likelihood of migration from shallow to intermediate/deep habitats. Finally, most colonies hosted a single Symbiodinium type (C3), ruling out symbiont depth zonation of the dominant symbiont type as a structuring factor. Together, these findings suggest that the potential for shallow reefs to recover from deep‐water refugia in M. cavernosa is location‐specific, varying among and within geographic locations likely as a consequence of local hydrology.
  • Editor: England: Blackwell Science
  • Idioma: Inglês
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  • Realização: ABCD-USP USP   Logos de Redes Sociais: Freepik

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