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Rates, factors, and tolerances of water erosion in the Cerrado biome (Brazil): A meta‐analysis of runoff plot data

Fonseca, Maria Rita Souza ; Uagoda, Rogério ; Chaves, Henrique Marinho Leite

Earth surface processes and landforms, 2022-02, Vol.47 (2), p.582-595 [Periódico revisado por pares]

Bognor Regis: Wiley Subscription Services, Inc

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  • Título:
    Rates, factors, and tolerances of water erosion in the Cerrado biome (Brazil): A meta‐analysis of runoff plot data
  • Autor: Fonseca, Maria Rita Souza ; Uagoda, Rogério ; Chaves, Henrique Marinho Leite
  • Assuntos: Agriculture ; Annual rainfall ; Annual runoff ; Biodegradation ; Cerrado ; Environmental degradation ; Environmental impact ; Environmental management ; Environmental policy ; Mean annual precipitation ; meta‐analysis ; Policies ; Rain ; Rainfall ; Runoff ; Runoff plot ; Runoff volume ; runoff/erosion relationship ; Savannahs ; Slopes ; Soil conservation ; Soil degradation ; Soil erosion ; Soil loss ; Soil water ; tolerance ; Tolerances ; Tolerances (dimensional) ; Vegetation ; Water erosion
  • É parte de: Earth surface processes and landforms, 2022-02, Vol.47 (2), p.582-595
  • Descrição: Due to the high rainfall erosivity and highly erodible soils, water erosion is severe in Brazil. Soil and ecosystem degradation occurs when erosion exceeds on‐ and off‐site soil loss tolerances, with significant socioeconomic and environmental impacts. In the last 50 years, the Brazilian Cerrado had 53% of its original vegetation converted to agriculture and pastureland. Although erosion plot studies exist in the region, the data are fragmented and unexplored, hindering the development of soil conservation policies. The objective of the present research was to compile, systematize, and statistically analyze the existing erosion plot data in the Brazilian Cerrado, correlating the observed results with different environmental and management factors, and with the corresponding soil loss tolerances. Twenty runoff plot datasets of the Brazilian Cerrado, encompassing 5 states, 10 sites, 108 plots, and 360 plot·years were compiled and thoroughly analyzed. Mean annual rainfall, runoff, and soil loss were 1443.5 mm year−1, 83.1 mm year−1, and 8.9 Mg ha−1 year−1, respectively. After the data were normalized with respect to plot length, steepness, and climate, runoff and soil loss were found to be significantly higher in soils with impermeable horizons and in land uses without permanent soil cover (p < 0.05). Erosion under permanently covered plots was below the on‐ and off‐site soil loss tolerances. A power equation provided the best fit between plot runoff and soil loss (R2 = 0.71; p < 0.05), indicating that runoff volume, easier to estimate, could be used as a proxy for upslope erosion. Although erosion plot data cannot be extrapolated to the whole landscape, the research results provide useful elements for the development of sound conservation policies in the Cerrado and in other similar savannas of the world. Runoff and erosion data from 108 runoff plots, covering 20 locations of the Cerrado biome of Brazil, were analyzed. Runoff and erosion were inversely correlated with soil infiltrability and permanent soil cover. Significant power relationships were obtained between runoff and soil loss, where high erosion rates were associated with non‐permanent cover conditions. Conversely, the erosion rates of permanently‐covered plots were below the on‐ and off‐site tolerance values.
  • Editor: Bognor Regis: Wiley Subscription Services, Inc
  • Idioma: Inglês
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  • Realização: ABCD-USP USP   Logos de Redes Sociais: Freepik

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