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Gut Reactions: How Far Are We from Understanding and Manipulating the Microbiota Complexity and the Interaction with Its Host? Lessons from Autism Spectrum Disorder Studies

Lombardi, Martina ; Troisi, Jacopo

Nutrients, 2021-10, Vol.13 (10), p.3492 [Periódico revisado por pares]

Switzerland: MDPI AG

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Título:
Gut Reactions: How Far Are We from Understanding and Manipulating the Microbiota Complexity and the Interaction with Its Host? Lessons from Autism Spectrum Disorder Studies
Autor: Lombardi, Martina ; Troisi, Jacopo
Assuntos: Autism ; autism spectrum disorder ; Autism Spectrum Disorder - microbiology ; Bacteria ; Behavior ; Brain - microbiology ; Case-Control Studies ; Diet ; Environmental factors ; Gastrointestinal Microbiome - physiology ; Genetic factors ; gut microbiota ; gut–brain axis ; Humans ; Intestinal microflora ; Microbiomes ; Microbiota ; Microorganisms ; Neurodevelopmental disorders ; Review ; Signs and symptoms
É parte de: Nutrients, 2021-10, Vol.13 (10), p.3492
Notas: ObjectType-Article-2
SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1
ObjectType-Feature-3
content type line 23
ObjectType-Review-1
Descrição: Autism is a group of neurodevelopmental disorders, characterized by early onset difficulties in social communication and restricted, repetitive behaviors and interests. It is characterized by familial aggregation, suggesting that genetic factors play a role in disease development, in addition to developmentally early environmental factors. Here, we review the role of the gut microbiome in autism, as it has been characterized in case-control studies. We discuss how methodological differences may have led to inconclusive or contradictory results, even though a disproportion between harmful and beneficial bacteria is generally described in autism. Furthermore, we review the studies concerning the effects of gut microbial-based and dietary interventions on autism symptoms. Also, in this case, the results are not comparable due to the lack of standardized methods. Therefore, autism-specific microbiome signatures and, consequently, possible microbiome-oriented interventions are far from being recognized. We argue that a multi-omic longitudinal implementation may be useful to study metabolic changes connected to microbiome changes.
Editor: Switzerland: MDPI AG
Idioma: Inglês

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Gut Reactions: How Far Are We from Understanding and Manipulating the Microbiota Complexity and the Interaction with Its Host? Lessons from Autism Spectrum Disorder Studies

Lombardi, Martina ; Troisi, Jacopo

Switzerland: MDPI AG

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