skip to main content
Idioma:
Primo Search
Clear Search Box
Search in: Busca Geral
Busca Avançada
Busca por Índices

Early modern human settlement of Europe north of the Alps occurred 43,500 years ago in a cold steppe-type environment

Nigst, Philip R. ; Haesaerts, Paul ; Damblon, Freddy ; Frank-Fellner, Christa ; Mallol, Carolina ; Viola, Bence ; Götzinger, Michael ; Niven, Laura ; Trnka, Gerhard ; Hublin, Jean-Jacques

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - PNAS, 2014-10, Vol.111 (40), p.14394-14399 [Periódico revisado por pares]

United States: National Academy of Sciences

Texto completo disponível

Citações Citado por
  • Título:
    Early modern human settlement of Europe north of the Alps occurred 43,500 years ago in a cold steppe-type environment
  • Autor: Nigst, Philip R. ; Haesaerts, Paul ; Damblon, Freddy ; Frank-Fellner, Christa ; Mallol, Carolina ; Viola, Bence ; Götzinger, Michael ; Niven, Laura ; Trnka, Gerhard ; Hublin, Jean-Jacques
  • Assuntos: Anatomy ; Ancient civilizations ; Animals ; Archaeology ; Archaeology - methods ; Austria ; Charcoal ; Cold ; Cold Temperature ; Ecosystem ; Europe ; Excavations ; Fossils ; Geography ; Grasslands ; Hominidae ; Human remains ; Humans ; Material culture ; Neanderthals ; Paleoclimatology ; Radiocarbon calibration ; Radiocarbon dating ; Social Sciences ; Steppes ; Time Factors
  • É parte de: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - PNAS, 2014-10, Vol.111 (40), p.14394-14399
  • Notas: http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1412201111
    ObjectType-Article-1
    SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1
    ObjectType-Feature-2
    content type line 23
    Edited by Richard G. Klein, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, and approved August 28, 2014 (received for review June 27, 2014)
    Author contributions: P.R.N., P.H., and B.V. designed research; P.R.N., P.H., F.D., C.F.-F., C.M., B.V., and L.N. performed research; P.R.N., P.H., F.D., C.M., and L.N. contributed new reagents/analytic tools; P.R.N., P.H., F.D., C.F.-F., C.M., B.V., M.G., L.N., G.T., and J.-J.H. analyzed data; and P.R.N., P.H., and F.D. wrote the paper.
  • Descrição: Significance Modern humans dispersed into Europe and replaced Neanderthals at least 40,000 years ago. However, the precise timing and climatic context of this dispersal are heavily debated. Therefore, a new project combining paleoenvironmental and archaeological fieldwork has been undertaken at Willendorf II (Austria), a key site for this time period. This project has concluded that modern humans producing Aurignacian stone tools occupied Central Europe about 43,500 years ago in a medium-cold steppe environment with some boreal trees along valleys. This discovery represents the oldest well-documented occurrence of behaviorally modern humans in Europe and demonstrates contemporaneity with Neanderthals in other parts of Europe, showing that behaviorally modern humans and Neanderthals shared this region longer than previously thought. The first settlement of Europe by modern humans is thought to have occurred between 50,000 and 40,000 calendar years ago (cal B.P.). In Europe, modern human remains of this time period are scarce and often are not associated with archaeology or originate from old excavations with no contextual information. Hence, the behavior of the first modern humans in Europe is still unknown. Aurignacian assemblages—demonstrably made by modern humans—are commonly used as proxies for the presence of fully behaviorally and anatomically modern humans. The site of Willendorf II (Austria) is well known for its Early Upper Paleolithic horizons, which are among the oldest in Europe. However, their age and attribution to the Aurignacian remain an issue of debate. Here, we show that archaeological horizon 3 (AH 3) consists of faunal remains and Early Aurignacian lithic artifacts. By using stratigraphic, paleoenvironmental, and chronological data, AH 3 is ascribed to the onset of Greenland Interstadial 11, around 43,500 cal B.P., and thus is older than any other Aurignacian assemblage. Furthermore, the AH 3 assemblage overlaps with the latest directly radiocarbon-dated Neanderthal remains, suggesting that Neanderthal and modern human presence overlapped in Europe for some millennia, possibly at rather close geographical range. Most importantly, for the first time to our knowledge, we have a high-resolution environmental context for an Early Aurignacian site in Central Europe, demonstrating an early appearance of behaviorally modern humans in a medium-cold steppe-type environment with some boreal trees along valleys around 43,500 cal B.P.
  • Editor: United States: National Academy of Sciences
  • Idioma: Inglês
Links
Voltar para lista de resultados

  • Realização: ABCD-USP USP   Logos de Redes Sociais: Freepik

Buscando em bases de dados remotas. Favor aguardar.