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Mapping Change in Human Pressure Globally on Land and within Protected Areas

GELDMANN, JONAS ; JOPPA, LUCAS N ; BURGESS, NEIL D

Conservation biology, 2014-12, Vol.28 (6), p.1604-1616 [Periódico revisado por pares]

Hoboken, NJ: Blackwell Scientific Publications

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Título:
Mapping Change in Human Pressure Globally on Land and within Protected Areas
Autor: GELDMANN, JONAS ; JOPPA, LUCAS N ; BURGESS, NEIL D
Assuntos: Animal, plant and microbial ecology ; Applied ecology ; Biodiversity ; Biodiversity conservation ; Biological and medical sciences ; categorías de manejo UICN ; Cats ; Climate change ; conservation areas ; Conservation biology ; Conservation of Natural Resources - methods ; Conservation, protection and management of environment and wildlife ; Contributed Papers ; data collection ; Datasets ; Ecosystem ; ecosystems ; efectividad ; effectiveness ; electric power ; Electric Power Supplies ; Environmental impact ; Environmental protection ; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology ; General aspects ; Geographic Mapping ; global change ; huella humana ; Human Activities ; human development ; human footprint ; Human influences ; human population ; Human populations ; Humans ; infrastructure ; Invasive species ; IUCN management categories ; luz nocturna estable ; Nature conservation ; Parks, reserves, wildlife conservation. Endangered species: population survey and restocking ; población humana ; Population Density ; protected area ; Protected areas ; spatial data ; stable nightlight ; tetrahydrophthalimide ; wilderness ; Área protegida
É parte de: Conservation biology, 2014-12, Vol.28 (6), p.1604-1616
Notas: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/cobi.12332
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Descrição: It is widely accepted that the main driver of the observed decline in biological diversity is increasing human pressure on Earth's ecosystems. However, the spatial patterns of change in human pressure and their relation to conservation efforts are less well known. We developed a spatially and temporally explicit map of global change in human pressure over 2 decades between 1990 and 2010 at a resolution of 10 km². We evaluated 22 spatial data sets representing different components of human pressure and used them to compile a temporal human pressure index (THPI) based on 3 data sets: human population density, land transformation, and electrical power infrastructure. We investigated how the THPI within protected areas was correlated to International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) management categories and the human development index (HDI) and how the THPI was correlated to cumulative pressure on the basis of the original human footprint index. Since the early 1990s, human pressure increased 64% of the terrestrial areas; the largest increases were in Southeast Asia. Protected areas also exhibited overall increases in human pressure, the degree of which varied with location and IUCN management category. Only wilderness areas and natural monuments (management categories Ib and III) exhibited decreases in pressure. Protected areas not assigned any category exhibited the greatest increases. High HDI values correlated with greater reductions in pressure across protected areas, while increasing age of the protected area correlated with increases in pressure. Our analysis is an initial step toward mapping changes in human pressure on the natural world over time. That only 3 data sets could be included in our spatio‐temporal global pressure map highlights the challenge to measuring pressure changes over time.
Editor: Hoboken, NJ: Blackwell Scientific Publications
Idioma: Inglês

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Mapping Change in Human Pressure Globally on Land and within Protected Areas

GELDMANN, JONAS ; JOPPA, LUCAS N ; BURGESS, NEIL D

Hoboken, NJ: Blackwell Scientific Publications

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