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Facies analysis of the Balta Formation: Evidence for a large late Miocene fluvio-deltaic system in the East Carpathian Foreland

Matoshko, Anton ; Matoshko, Andrei ; de Leeuw, Arjan ; Stoica, Marius

Sedimentary geology, 2016-08, Vol.343, p.165-189 [Periódico revisado por pares]

Elsevier B.V

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  • Título:
    Facies analysis of the Balta Formation: Evidence for a large late Miocene fluvio-deltaic system in the East Carpathian Foreland
  • Autor: Matoshko, Anton ; Matoshko, Andrei ; de Leeuw, Arjan ; Stoica, Marius
  • Assuntos: Architecture ; Carpathian foreland ; Channels ; Delta ; Deltas ; Deposition ; Facies analysis ; Formations ; Marine ; Meotian ; Mollusca ; Mud ; Ostracoda ; Paratethys ; Sand ; Sarmatian ; Sediments
  • É parte de: Sedimentary geology, 2016-08, Vol.343, p.165-189
  • Notas: ObjectType-Article-1
    SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1
    ObjectType-Feature-2
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  • Descrição: Deposits of the Balta Fm are preserved in a large arcuate sediment body that covers about 60,000km2 and is up to 350m thick. The Balta Fm spans ca. 5Ma as constrained by underlying Tortonian (Bessarabian) and overlying Messinian (early Pontian) Paratethys strata. It contains frequent terrestrial mammal fossils and fresh- as well as brackish-water (Paratethys) molluscs and ostracods. Over the past 140years our understanding of the sedimentary architecture of the formation and its origins has remained in its infancy, which has limited insight into the evolution of the East Carpathian Foreland. Here, we provide the first modern sedimentary facies analysis of the Balta Fm, which is integrated with an extensive review of previously published local literature. It is supported with micropalaeontological results and a wealth of historical borehole information. We show that the Balta Fm has a tripartite vertical division. Its lowermost part is clay dominated and consists of subordinate delta front sand bodies interspersed between muds. The middle unit contains separate delta plain channels or channel belts encased in thick muds. These are overlain by a unit with amalgamated delta plain channel deposits with only minor amounts of associated mud. The abundance of upper flow regime sedimentary structures in channel sands, the absence of peats (or coals) and the presence of calcareous nodules suggest a strongly seasonal and relatively dry climate with a flashy discharge regime. Deposition of the Balta Fm in an area previously characterized by distal shelf and prodelta environments indicates large-scale progradation triggered by high sediment volume from the uplifting Carpathian Orogen and enhanced by a general lowering of Paratethys sea-level. The tripartite internal architecture of the Balta Fm indicates that progradation continued during deposition. Its wedge-shaped geometry suggests that tectonic activity in the Carpathians generated a 300km wide foreland basin that allowed for significant delta-plain aggradation despite of the generally regressive trend in Paratethys sea-level. •Detailed facies analysis of the Balta Fm. of Ukraine, Moldova and Romania•Reveals a large Late Miocene fluvio-deltaic system in the East Carpathian foreland•Highlights the crucial final stage in the sedimentary evolution of the foreland basin•The extent of the East Carpathian foreland basin is proven to reach 300km.
  • Editor: Elsevier B.V
  • Idioma: Inglês
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  • Realização: ABCD-USP USP   Logos de Redes Sociais: Freepik

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