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Kelp canopy facilitates understory algal assemblage via competitive release during early stages of secondary succession

Benes, Kylla M. ; Carpenter, Robert C.

Ecology (Durham), 2015-01, Vol.96 (1), p.241-251 [Periódico revisado por pares]

United States: Ecological Society of America

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  • Título:
    Kelp canopy facilitates understory algal assemblage via competitive release during early stages of secondary succession
  • Autor: Benes, Kylla M. ; Carpenter, Robert C.
  • Assuntos: Algae ; Biodiversity ; brown algae ; California ; canopy ; disturbance ; Ecosystem ; Eisenia ; Eisenia arborea ; Environmental conditions ; facilitation ; Forest canopy ; Forest ecology ; foundation species ; indirect interaction ; Kelp ; Macroalgae ; Marine ecology ; marine ecosystems ; recruitment ; Red algae ; Rhodophyta ; secondary succession ; settlement ; shading ; Spores ; Synecology ; Tessellations ; Understory
  • É parte de: Ecology (Durham), 2015-01, Vol.96 (1), p.241-251
  • Notas: http://dx.doi.org/10.1890/14-0076.1
    kbenes@uci.edu
    Present address: Northeastern University Marine Science Center, 430 Nahant Road, Nahant, Massachusetts 01908 USA. E‐mail
    Corresponding Editor: M. H. Graham.
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    SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1
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  • Descrição: Kelps are conspicuous foundation species in marine ecosystems that alter the composition of understory algal assemblages. While this may be due to changes in the competitive interactions between algal species, how kelp canopies mediate propagule supply and establishment success of understory algae is not well known. In Southern California, USA, Eisenia arborea forms dense kelp canopies in shallow subtidal environments and is associated with an understory dominated by red algal species. In canopy-free areas, however, the algal assemblage is comprised of mostly brown algal species. We used a combination of mensurative and manipulative experiments to test whether Eisenia facilitates the understory assemblage by reducing competition between these different types of algae by changes in biotic interactions and/or recruitment. Our results show Eisenia facilitates a red algal assemblage via inhibition of brown algal settlement into the canopy zone, allowing recruitment to occur by vegetative means rather than establishment of new individuals. In the canopy-free zone, however, high settlement and recruitment rates suggest competitive interactions shape the community there. These results demonstrate that foundation species alter the distribution and abundance of associated organisms by affecting not only interspecific interactions but also propagule supply and recruitment limitation.
  • Editor: United States: Ecological Society of America
  • Idioma: Inglês
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