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Chesapeake Bay watershed historical land use: impact on water quality and diatom communities

Cooper, Sherri Rumer

Ecological applications, 1995-08, Vol.5 (3), p.703-723 [Periódico revisado por pares]

The Ecological Society of America

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Título:
Chesapeake Bay watershed historical land use: impact on water quality and diatom communities
Autor: Cooper, Sherri Rumer
Assuntos: ANOXIA ; ANOXIE ; BACILLARIOPHYCEAE ; BACILLARIOPHYTA ; BASSIN VERSANT ; BIODIVERSIDAD ; BIODIVERSITE ; BIODIVERSITY ; biogenic silica ; CALIDAD DEL AGUA ; CHANGE ; COMMUNITY ECOLOGY ; CUENCAS HIDROGRAFICAS ; DEFRICHEMENT ; DESMONTE ; Diatoms ; ECOLOGIA ; ECOLOGIA MARINA ; ECOLOGIE ; ECOLOGIE MARINE ; ECOLOGY ; ESTADOS DEL NORDESTE (EUA) ; ESTRATIGRAFIA ; ESTUAIRE ; ESTUARIES ; ESTUARIOS ; ETATS DU NORD EST (EU) ; EUTROFIZACION ; EUTROPHICATION ; EUTROPHISATION ; FARMLAND ; Fresh water ; GEOLOGIA ; GEOLOGICAL SEDIMENTATION ; GEOLOGIE ; GEOLOGY ; HISTOIRE ; HISTORIA ; HISTORY ; LAND CLEARING ; LAND USE ; Marine ; MARINE ECOLOGY ; MARYLAND ; MIDDLE ATLANTIC STATES OF USA ; NORTH EASTERN STATES (USA) ; PALAEONTOLOGY ; PALEONTOLOGIA ; PALEONTOLOGIE ; PALINOLOGIA ; PALYNOLOGIE ; PALYNOLOGY ; Pollen ; POLLEN ANALYSIS ; QUALITE DE L'EAU ; SEDIMENT ; Sediment core samples ; SEDIMENTO ; Sediments ; SILICA ; SILICE ; Species ; SPECIES DIVERSITY ; STRATIGRAPHIE ; STRATIGRAPHY ; TERRE AGRICOLE ; TIERRAS AGRICOLAS ; TURBIDEZ ; TURBIDITE ; TURBIDITY ; UTILISATION DES TERRES ; UTILIZACION DE LA TIERRA ; VIRGINIA ; VIRGINIE ; WATER QUALITY ; WATERSHEDS
É parte de: Ecological applications, 1995-08, Vol.5 (3), p.703-723
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Descrição: Stratigraphic records preserved in the sediments of the mesohaline Chesapeake Bay were used to reconstruct a 2000-yr history of sedimentation, eutrophication, anoxia, and diatom community structure over time. Diatoms, pollen, total and organic carbon (TOC), total and organic nitrogen, total sulfur, acid-soluble iron, an estimate of the degree of pyritization of iron (DOP), and biogenic silica (BSi) were used as paleoecological indicators in four cores collected from a transect across the Chesapeake Bay from the Choptank River to Plum Point, Maryland. This paper covers results for diatoms, pollen, and BSi. Sediments were dated using radiocarbon and pollen techniques, and sedimentation rates were determined (0.2-5.8 mm/yr) using pollen methods. Geochemical indicators were measured and diatom species identified at subsampled intervals within each core. More than 400 diatom species, primarily marine and estuarine taxa, were identified in the sediments, some for the first time. Analysis of the data indicates that sedimentation rates, eutrophication, turbidity, and anoxia have increased in the Chesapeake Bay since the time of European settlement of the watershed. There is also evidence that freshwater input to the mesohaline Chesapeake Bay has increased. Changes in diatom community structure and geochemical indicators reflect major changes in land use patterns of the watershed and increasing population. Diatom community diversity exhibits a continuing decline, while centric/pennate ratios rise dramatically in most recent sediments.
Editor: The Ecological Society of America
Idioma: Inglês

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Chesapeake Bay watershed historical land use: impact on water quality and diatom communities

Cooper, Sherri Rumer

The Ecological Society of America

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