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Actinomycosis: etiology, clinical features, diagnosis, treatment, and management

Valour, Florent ; Sénéchal, Agathe ; Dupieux, Céline ; Karsenty, Judith ; Lustig, Sébastien ; Breton, Pierre ; Gleizal, Arnaud ; Boussel, Loïc ; Laurent, Frédéric ; Braun, Evelyne ; Chidiac, Christian ; Ader, Florence ; Ferry, Tristan

Infection and drug resistance, 2014-01, Vol.7 (default), p.183-197 [Periódico revisado por pares]

New Zealand: Dove Medical Press Limited

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Título:
Actinomycosis: etiology, clinical features, diagnosis, treatment, and management
Autor: Valour, Florent ; Sénéchal, Agathe ; Dupieux, Céline ; Karsenty, Judith ; Lustig, Sébastien ; Breton, Pierre ; Gleizal, Arnaud ; Boussel, Loïc ; Laurent, Frédéric ; Braun, Evelyne ; Chidiac, Christian ; Ader, Florence ; Ferry, Tristan
Assuntos: Abuse ; Actinomycosis ; Amoxicillin ; Anaerobic conditions ; Bacteria ; Bacteriology ; Care and treatment ; Central nervous system ; Dental hygiene ; Diagnosis ; Drug abuse ; Etiology ; Gram-positive bacteria ; Head and neck ; Identification ; Immunology ; Infections ; Intrauterine devices ; IUD ; Life Sciences ; Literature reviews ; Malignancy ; Microbiology and Parasitology ; Patients ; Penicillin ; Review ; Ribosomal DNA ; Sulfur ; Sulfur granules ; Virology
É parte de: Infection and drug resistance, 2014-01, Vol.7 (default), p.183-197
Notas: ObjectType-Article-2
SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1
ObjectType-Feature-3
content type line 23
ObjectType-Review-1
PMCID: PMC4094581
Descrição: Actinomycosis is a rare chronic disease caused by Actinomyces spp., anaerobic Gram-positive bacteria that normally colonize the human mouth and digestive and genital tracts. Physicians must be aware of typical clinical presentations (such as cervicofacial actinomycosis following dental focus of infection, pelvic actinomycosis in women with an intrauterine device, and pulmonary actinomycosis in smokers with poor dental hygiene), but also that actinomycosis may mimic the malignancy process in various anatomical sites. Bacterial cultures and pathology are the cornerstone of diagnosis, but particular conditions are required in order to get the correct diagnosis. Prolonged bacterial cultures in anaerobic conditions are necessary to identify the bacterium and typical microscopic findings include necrosis with yellowish sulfur granules and filamentous Gram-positive fungal-like pathogens. Patients with actinomycosis require prolonged (6- to 12-month) high doses (to facilitate the drug penetration in abscess and in infected tissues) of penicillin G or amoxicillin, but the duration of antimicrobial therapy could probably be shortened to 3 months in patients in whom optimal surgical resection of infected tissues has been performed. Preventive measures, such as reduction of alcohol abuse and improvement of dental hygiene, may limit occurrence of pulmonary, cervicofacial, and central nervous system actinomycosis. In women, intrauterine devices must be changed every 5 years in order to limit the occurrence of pelvic actinomycosis.
Editor: New Zealand: Dove Medical Press Limited
Idioma: Inglês

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Actinomycosis: etiology, clinical features, diagnosis, treatment, and management

Valour, Florent ; Sénéchal, Agathe ; Dupieux, Céline ; Karsenty, Judith ; Lustig, Sébastien ; Breton, Pierre ; Gleizal, Arnaud ; Boussel, Loïc ; Laurent, Frédéric ; Braun, Evelyne ; Chidiac, Christian ; Ader, Florence ; Ferry, Tristan

New Zealand: Dove Medical Press Limited

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