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Community gender systems and a daughter's risk of female genital mutilation/cutting: Multilevel findings from Egypt

Yount, Kathryn M ; Cheong, Yuk Fai ; Grose, Rose Grace ; Hayford, Sarah R Stark, Lindsay

PloS one, 2020-03, Vol.15 (3), p.e0229917-e0229917 [Periódico revisado por pares]

United States: Public Library of Science

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Título:
Community gender systems and a daughter's risk of female genital mutilation/cutting: Multilevel findings from Egypt
Autor: Yount, Kathryn M ; Cheong, Yuk Fai ; Grose, Rose Grace ; Hayford, Sarah R
Stark, Lindsay
Assuntos: Adolescent ; Adult ; Biology and Life Sciences ; Child marriage ; Circumcision, Female - adverse effects ; Circumcision, Female - ethics ; Circumcision, Female - psychology ; Compliance ; Criminalization ; Cutting ; Daughters ; Demographics ; Demography ; Earth Sciences ; Ecological effects ; Ecological models ; Ecology and Environmental Sciences ; Egypt - epidemiology ; Family ; Female ; Feminism ; Feminists ; Gender ; Genital mutilation ; Genitalia, Female - surgery ; Girls ; Health aspects ; Health Surveys ; Human rights ; Humans ; Influence ; Middle Aged ; Mothers - psychology ; Multilevel ; Neighborhoods ; Norms ; Nuclear Family - psychology ; People and Places ; Religion ; Research and Analysis Methods ; Risk ; Sex roles ; Social networks ; Social Sciences ; Socioeconomic Factors ; Sociology ; Time ; Women ; Young Adult
É parte de: PloS one, 2020-03, Vol.15 (3), p.e0229917-e0229917
Notas: ObjectType-Article-1
SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1
ObjectType-Feature-2
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Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
Descrição: We tested a feminist social-ecological model to understand community influences on daughters' experience of female genital mutilation/cutting (FGMC) in Egypt, where over 90% of women ages 15-49 are cut. FGMC has potential adverse effects on demographic and health outcomes and has been defined as a human-rights violation. However, an integrated multilevel-level framework is lacking. We theorized that a more favorable community-level gender system, including stronger gender norms opposing FGMC and expanded extra-familial opportunities for women in the village or neighborhood, would be associated with a daughter's lower risk of FGMC and would strengthen the negative association of a mother's opposition to FGMC with her daughter's risk of cutting. Using a national sample of 14,171 mother-daughter dyads from the 2014 Egypt Demographic and Health Survey, we estimated multilevel discrete-time hazard models to test these relationships. Community gender norms opposing FGMC had significant direct, negative associations with the hazard that a daughter was cut, but women's opportunities outside the family did not. Maternal opposition to FGMC was negatively associated with cutting a daughter, and these associations were stronger where community opposition to FGMC and opportunities for women were greater. Results provided good support for a gender-systems framework of the multilevel influences on FGMC. Integrated, multilevel interventions that address gender norms about FGMC and structural opportunities for women in the community, as well as beliefs about the practice among the mothers of at-risk daughters, may be needed for sustainable declines in the practice.
Editor: United States: Public Library of Science
Idioma: Inglês

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Community gender systems and a daughter's risk of female genital mutilation/cutting: Multilevel findings from Egypt

Yount, Kathryn M ; Cheong, Yuk Fai ; Grose, Rose Grace ; Hayford, Sarah R Stark, Lindsay

United States: Public Library of Science

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