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A review of neurocognitive functioning and risk for psychopathology in sex chromosome trisomy (47,XXY, 47,XXX, 47, XYY)

van Rijn, Sophie

Current opinion in psychiatry, 2019-03, Vol.32 (2), p.79-84 [Periódico revisado por pares]

United States: Copyright Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved

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A review of neurocognitive functioning and risk for psychopathology in sex chromosome trisomy (47,XXY, 47,XXX, 47, XYY)
Autor: van Rijn, Sophie
Assuntos: Anxiety ; Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder ; Autism ; Chromosomes ; Cognition ; Early Intervention, Educational ; Environmental factors ; Executive Function ; Humans ; Hyperactivity ; Neurocognitive Disorders - etiology ; Neurocognitive Disorders - psychology ; Neurocognitive Disorders - therapy ; Neurodevelopment ; NEURODEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS: Edited by James C. Harris ; Phenotypes ; Phenotypic variations ; Psychopathology ; Psychosis ; Self-Control ; Sex Chromosome Disorders - physiopathology ; Sex Chromosome Disorders - psychology ; Sex Chromosomes ; Social Behavior ; Social interactions ; Trisomy ; Y chromosomes
É parte de: Current opinion in psychiatry, 2019-03, Vol.32 (2), p.79-84
Notas: ObjectType-Article-2
SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1
ObjectType-Feature-3
content type line 23
ObjectType-Review-1
Descrição: PURPOSE OF REVIEWAbout one in 650–1000 children is born with an extra X or Y chromosome, referred to as sex chromosome trisomies (SCTs). Studying SCTs may uncover unique insights in neurodevelopmental pathways underlying the risk for neurobehavioral problems and psychopathology. There is also a clinical need for more knowledge about the phenotype of SCT with the recent introduction of noninvasive prenatal screening. RECENT FINDINGSThe reviewed studies illustrate an increased vulnerability for psychopathology such as (symptoms of) autism spectrum disorder, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, anxiety, depression and, to a lesser degree, psychotic disorders. Although traditionally the primary focus has been on language and learning problems, recent research suggests that impairments in executive functioning, social cognition and emotion regulation may also be key factors underlying the risk for neurobehavioral problems. SUMMARYThe research field of SCT is in need of a more longitudinal perspective to identify early markers of ‘at risk’ development, and to assess the effectiveness of early interventions. Neurocognitive markers that signal compromised neurodevelopment may prove to be helpful in this. Variability in the SCT phenotype provides a unique opportunity to identify not only genetic but also environmental factors that shape neurodevelopmental outcome, calling for studies focused on understanding individual differences.
Editor: United States: Copyright Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved
Idioma: Inglês

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